Introduction to pranayama

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Pranayama is one of the eight parts of Yoga. pranayama actually means 'breath control.' Breathing is a natural process and it comes easily to us. What we do not realize here is that, breath is power, which has its effect on the body, mind and spirit. Our breathing most of the times is not wholesome and correct. Except for a few long and wholesome breaths in a day, rest is shallow and short.

Did you know that your life span depends on your breathing pattern? Lesser the number of breaths, longer your life. In other words, when you slow your inhalation and exhalation, there will less number of breaths and this in turn increases your life span.

Lot depends on the otherwise seemingly simple breath. Do a small experiment: When you are angry, tensed or anxious, consciously watch your breathing pattern. You will notice that your breaths are shallow and fast. Once you realize that your breathing is fast, make an effort and slow it down. Inhale slowly and exhale gently. Instantly you will cool down.

The ideal breath rate suggested is three to four breaths in a minute as against 15 or more breaths we take in a minute. When you are angry or anxious your breath rate increases to 50 -60. This directly affects the heart and so the result.

The word pranayama consists of two parts: Prana and Ayama. Prana means universal life force and Ayama means stretch, extension and control. Thus pranayama can be described as stretching, extending and controlling this universal life force within the body. By practicing the techniques of pranayama, mastery over breath can be achieved.

When you are troubled, tensed, depressed etc. there will be more Prana outside the body than inside. Very little Prana inside the body will be expressed with a feeling of being stuck, depressed or listless. You will also lack drive or motivation. Physical ailments also strike when little Prana is housed in the body. On the other hand when you are relaxed, peaceful, happy and well balanced, more Prana stays in the body and very little is dispersed out of the body.

The reason why Prana goes out of the body is because there is no sufficient room in the body for it to stay. Blockages are created in the body when you fill it with negative emotions like anxiety, anger, restlessness and so on. These blockages push Prana out of the body. pranayama helps remove blockages making room for Prana in the bodily temple. Human body is a temple and must be nurtured with care and respect.

The link between mind and breath is very significant. Yoga Sutras say that with pranayama the veil on the mind is gradually drawn away preparing it for deep meditation.

The ancient yogis developed many breathing techniques to maximize the benefits of Prana. pranayama is used in yoga as a separate practice to help clear and cleanse the body and mind. It is also used in preparation for meditation, and in asana, the practice of postures, to help maximize the benefits of the practice.

"When the Breath wanders, the mind is unsteady, but when the Breath is still, so is the mind still." - Hatha Yoga Pradipika.

We will deal with pranayama details in the following weeks.